The Effectiveness of Explicit vs. Implicit Grammar Instruction in ESL Classrooms: A Literature-Based Review

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Author: Asma Taha Alhussien Taha

Keywords: explicit instruction, implicit instruction, grammar teaching, ESL, second language acquisition

Abstract: Grammar instruction plays important role in learning English as a second language. Scholars debate which method is better. Explicit grammar instruction teaches rules directly. Implicit instruction let learners learn grammar through speaking and reading. This article review many recent studies about these approaches. It explains theory, teaching methods, and effectiveness in ESL classrooms. Studies show that explicit instruction improves grammar accuracy and writing. Implicit instruction helps learners speak more fluently and communicate naturally. Some researchers suggest using both methods together. This combination gives balanced results for students. The article also discusses how teachers can use these methods in classroom. Curriculum and training should consider both approaches. Grammar teaching is not only about rules but also about communication.

Article Info: Received: 26 Jan 2026; Received in revised form: 23 Feb 2026; Accepted: 28 Feb 2026; Available online: 05 Mar 2026

DOI: 10.22161/ijeel.5.1.1

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